Encyclopedias & Dictionaries | Monier-Williams: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (p. 774) mañjiṣṭhā, f. Indian madder, Rubia munjista, Kauś.; Suśr. Monier-Williams: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (p. 858) yojanavallī, f. Rubia Munjista L. Tamil Lexicon, University of Madras (p. 3010) mañciṭṭi: 1. Munjeet, Indian madder, Rubia cordifolia; 2. Arnotto; 3. Chayroot for dyeing Dymock, Warden, Hooper: Pharmacographia Indica (vol. II, pp. 231-232) Rubia cordifolia, Rubia tinctorium, Rubiaceae Fig. - Heart-leaved Madder (Eng., R. cordifolia) Madder is used in Hindu medicine as a colouring agent; medicated oils are boiled with madder to give them colour. It is also a useful external astringent, and is applied to inflamed parts, ulcers, fractures, &c. Chakradatta recommends madder rubbed with honey as an application to the brown spots of pityriasis persicolor. The Sanskrit name is Manjishtha. Under the names of Fuvvaj and RĹŤnÄs, Arabic and Persian writers treat of madder, probably the produce of R. tinctorium. (The author of the Makhzan gives Rubia as the European, DĹŤzarlĹŤs as the Greek, and Albisam as the Latin name of madder. Cf. Pliny 19, 17; 24, 56, who calls it Rubia and Erythrodanus.) They do not, however, make any distinction between the species, but simply mention a wild and a cultivated variety. The Mahometans consider the drug to be deobstruent, and prescribe it in paralytic affections, jaundice, obstructions in the urinary passages and amenorrhoea. (Cf. Theophr. H. P. ix., 14.) They mention the fruit as udeful in hepatic obstruction, and a paste made from the roots with honey, as a good application to freckles and other discolorations of the skin. The whole plant is reputed to be alexipharmic; it is also hung up in houses to avert the evil eye, and tied to the necks of animals with the same object. (Compare with Dioscorides iii., 151. -*-, and Pliny 19, 17; 24, 56.) Ainslie observes that the hakÄŤms are in the habit of prescribing an infusion of madder root as a grateful and deobstruent drink in cases of scanty iochial discharge after lying-in. (Materia Indica II., p. 182.) In another notice of the article (Op. cit. I., p. 202), he ramarks that it would appear to be chiefly produced in Cachar, and the root is in great demand in the adjacent countries, for dyeing their coarse cloths and stuffs red; the Napalese are in the habit of bartering it for rock salt and borax. Kinnier and Tavernier notice the abundance of madder in Persia and Makran. Dr. G. Playfair, in a note appended to his translation of the TalÄŤf-i-SharÄŤfÄŤ (p. 150) states that if taken to the extent of about 3 drachms several times daily, it powerfully affects the nervous system, inducing temporary delirium, &c., with evident determination to the uterine system. R. cordifolia is common throughout the hilly districts of India, but the Bombay market draws its supplies chiefly from Khelat trough Sind, where R. tinctorium is cultivated.
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